Modified PVA Film from Methanol-Soluble Phenolic Extracts of Spatholobus littoralis Hask as Active Pharmaceutical Packaging

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Published Feb 20, 2026
https://doi.org/10.55043/jfpc.v5i1.567
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Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): ARTICLES IN PRESS

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Kadriadi Kadriadi
Politeknik Industri Logam Morowali
Hairul Abral
Universitas Andalas
Melbi Mahardika
National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN)
Ilhamdi Ilhamdi
Universitas Andalas
Akmal Akmal
Universitas Andalas
Dian Handayani
Universitas Andalas
Yulianis Yulianis
Universitas Andalas
Mohamad Haafiz Mohamad Kassim
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Jeri Ariksa
Bangka Belitung University

Abstract

The development of active pharmaceutical packaging based on biodegradable materials is an important strategy to reduce dependence on single-use plastics and their environmental impact. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a potential biodegradable polymer, but it has limitations in terms of exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and microbial contamination. This study aims to develop a modified PVA film with methanol-soluble phenolic extract of Spatholobus littoralis Hask as active pharmaceutical packaging with UV protection, antioxidant, and antibacterial functions. The phenolic extract was obtained through a maceration method using methanol as a solvent, while the PVA film was fabricated using the solution casting technique. The PVA film was modified with varying concentrations of phenolic extract of 0, 1.25, 2.5, and 5wt% (PPE0, PPE1.25, PPE2.5, and PPE5), then evaluated for its UV protection properties, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial activity. The results showed that the addition of S. littoralis phenolic extract was able to increase the ability of PVA films to block UV radiation completely (100%) in the 200–400 nm wavelength range. Antioxidant activity testing using the DPPH method showed an increase in free radical scavenging ability as the concentration of phenolic extract increased. In addition, the modified PVA film showed significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. These findings indicate that S. littoralis Hask phenolic extract has potential as a natural bioactive agent in the development of environmentally friendly and multifunctional active pharmaceutical packaging, with dual protection capabilities against UV degradation and microbial contamination. This research makes an important contribution to the development of sustainable pharmaceutical packaging materials based on renewable natural resources.

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Author Biographies

Kadriadi Kadriadi, Politeknik Industri Logam Morowali

Department of Mechanical Maintenance Engineering

Hairul Abral, Universitas Andalas

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Melbi Mahardika, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN)

Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts

Ilhamdi Ilhamdi, Universitas Andalas

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Akmal Akmal, Universitas Andalas

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dian Handayani, Universitas Andalas

Laboratory of Sumatran Biota, Faculty of Pharmacy

Yulianis Yulianis, Universitas Andalas

Laboratory of Sumatran Biota, Faculty of Pharmacy

Mohamad Haafiz Mohamad Kassim, Universiti Sains Malaysia

Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology

Jeri Ariksa, Bangka Belitung University

Department of Mechanical Engineering

How to Cite
Kadriadi, K., Abral, H., Mahardika, M., Ilhamdi, I., Akmal, A., Handayani, D., Yulianis, Y., Kassim, M. H. M., & Ariksa, J. (2026). Modified PVA Film from Methanol-Soluble Phenolic Extracts of Spatholobus littoralis Hask as Active Pharmaceutical Packaging. Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites, 5(1), 19–30. https://doi.org/10.55043/jfpc.v5i1.567

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